Computer Structure

Every computer relies on a range of hardware working together to get things done. From sending instructions to handling data, each part has a specific role to play.

This section will break down the main parts of a computer system, helping you understand how everything connects and works under the surface.

Input and Output DevicesHow data gets in and results come out.

Backing StorageWhere files, games, apps and more are saved long-term.

Random Access MemoryTemporary memory used while tasks are running.

Central Processing UnitThe ‘brain’ of the computer that processes everything.

  • ALU – does all the calculations.
  • Control Unit – directs what happens and when.
  • Registers – hold tiny bits of data while the CPU works.

Data BusCarries data between different parts of the computer.

Address BusHelps the CPU find where data is stored.

TranslatorsTurn human-friendly code into machine instructions.

There’s loads to explore in this part of Computer Systems — and that’s a good thing! These topics are super important and count for more than half the marks in the whole unit. So take it one section at a time, stay curious, and you’ll be flying through in no time.

National 5 Target

You should be able to identify and explain all aspects of the Computer Structure.